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What is a data backup?
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A data backup is the process of saving copies of important files to protect them from loss, such as from hardware failure or file corruption.
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Why are backups important?
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Backups protect against data loss due to file corruption, hardware failure, or other disasters, allowing users to recover lost data.
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What is the purpose of data recovery?
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Data recovery restores access to lost or corrupt data using backup copies.
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What is a structured backup scheme?
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A structured backup scheme includes a schedule, specifications of which files are backed up, where the backup is stored, and how it can be recovered.
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Where should data be stored in a networked environment?
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Data should be stored on file servers using network home folders, not on local drives, so it can be safely backed up.
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What is a personal backup?
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Personal backups are made by home users or small groups without a central file server, often using external drives or cloud storage.
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How does the File History feature in Windows work?
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File History backs up user files and allows users to choose which files to include, set a backup schedule, and select a backup location (local drive or network folder).
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How can files be restored in Windows?
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Files can be restored using the "Previous Versions" tab in a file’s Properties dialog or the File History app.
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What is the Backup and Restore Center in Windows?
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It is a tool that can perform data backups and create system image backups of the entire operating system.
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What is backup frequency?
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Frequency refers to how often backup jobs are run, depending on how much data loss can be tolerated.
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What is backup retention?
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Retention is how long a backup is stored, ensuring version control and allowing for recovery from issues like malware infections.
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What is a full backup?
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A full backup copies all data every time, requiring high storage and time but is simple for recovery.
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What is an incremental backup?
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An incremental backup saves only new and modified files since the last backup, requiring less storage but involving multiple files for recovery.
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What is a differential backup?
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A differential backup saves changes since the last full backup, offering moderate storage requirements and easier recovery compared to incremental backups.
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How does a synthetic backup work?
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A synthetic backup creates a full backup from a combination of previous full and incremental backups, reducing data transfer.
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What is a backup chain?
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A backup chain uses full, incremental, or differential backups to balance storage needs, speed, and recovery complexity.
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What is the Grandfather-Father-Son (GFS) rotation scheme?
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GFS is a backup rotation scheme where daily backups (Son), weekly full backups (Father), and monthly full backups (Grandfather) are rotated and stored for different retention periods.
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What is on-site backup storage?
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On-site backups are stored at the same location as the main system, offering quick access but being vulnerable to disasters affecting the facility.
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What is off-site backup storage?
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Off-site backups are stored at a separate location to protect data from local disasters, such as fire or theft at the main site.
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What is the 3-2-1 backup rule?
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The 3-2-1 rule suggests having three copies of data on two different media types, with one copy stored off-site.
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What is the difference between online and offline backups?
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Online backups are instantly available for restore operations, while offline backups are disconnected, offering greater security against malware attacks.
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Why is backup testing important?
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Backup testing ensures that backups are valid and can be restored when needed, helping identify potential issues before a real recovery is needed.
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How can you test a backup?
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Test by restoring backed-up data into a test environment and verifying the backup integrity using software checks like hashing.
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What are two key factors to consider when designing a backup scheme?
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Backup frequency and retention are crucial to ensuring sufficient data protection while managing storage space.
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What is the role of verifying media integrity in backup testing?
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Verifying media integrity ensures that backup media, such as tapes or hard drives, are functioning properly and can reliably store data.